Early Theories of Translation

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"Early Theories of Translation" by Flora Ross Amos is a scholarly publication written in the early 20th century. This work aims to explore the evolution of translation theory as articulated by English writers, particularly focusing on developments from the medieval period through the sixteenth century. The narrative addresses significant shifts in translation practices and thought, particularly emphasizing the intellectual awakening during the Renaissance. At the start of the book, the author outlines her methodology and the key themes she will explore. She notes the difficulty in tracing a straightforward evolution of translation theories due to the lack of continuity in the writings of earlier critics. The opening sections delve into the medieval period, examining how translators like King Alfred and Aelfric navigated the complexities of translating texts from Latin and French into English. Through their examples, Amos highlights the varying methods employed, such as translating word-for-word versus by sense, and the challenges faced in striving for accuracy while making these texts accessible to a broader audience. This nuanced examination sets the stage for a detailed discussion on translation standards and practices as they emerge through different historical contexts.