The censorship of the Church of Rome and its influence upon the production and distribution of literature, volume 2 (of 2)

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The censorship of the Church of Rome and its influence upon the production and… by George Haven Putnam is a historical study written in the early 20th century. It examines how the Roman Catholic Church’s Index, Inquisition, and related decrees shaped what could be printed, sold, and read, and contrasts these with Protestant and state censorship. The work focuses on the practical machinery of prohibition and expurgation and its consequences for theology, scholarship, and the book trade. The opening of this study maps the territory: first, it surveys seventeenth- and early eighteenth‑century theological controversies in France, the Netherlands, England, and Germany, showing how Protestant writers and even specific “propositions” were condemned through the Index. It then outlines how Scripture was controlled—tracing early printing and Erasmus’s editions, national cases in France, the Low Countries, Spain, and England, the banning of vernacular Bibles, occasional relaxations (1757), and later renewed restrictions (1836). Next, it reviews censorship around the monastic orders: inter‑order quarrels suppressed; extensive debate over Jesuit casuistry and the doctrine of grace (Molina vs. Bañez); the Dominicans’ dominance in censorship and the Reuchlin affair; rules against confession by letter; and disputes between secular clergy and regulars. Finally, it explains the Roman Index under Benedict XIV (1758): its rules, the new reliance on “general decrees” that condemned whole classes of books, examples of notable inclusions and omissions, and the persistent bibliographical and practical limits of the Index system itself.