History of Greece, Volume 10 (of 12)

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"History of Greece, Volume 10 (of 12)" by George Grote is a historical account written in the mid-19th century. This volume continues the exploration of Greek history, specifically focusing on significant events from the era of the Syracusan despot Dionysius and the overall decline of Hellenic independence amidst external pressures, particularly from Persia. The text delves into the complex interplay of power among the Greek states and their relationships with outside forces. The opening of the volume sets the stage by outlining the preceding events that lead to the discussions surrounding the Peace of Antalkidas, a pivotal moment in Greek history. Grote references both the societal and political ramifications of the treaty, depicting it as emblematic of Sparta's shift from a proud leader of Greece to a subordinate agent securing Persian interests. This opening section establishes the thematic focus of the work: the exploration of how individual state ambitions, particularly those of Sparta and Athens, contributed to the deterioration of a united Hellenic identity in the face of foreign domination, and it foreshadows the critical instances of betrayal and compromise that define the period.