Oration on Voltaire

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"Oration on Voltaire by Victor Hugo and Julius Moritzen" is a collection of an oration and critical essays compiled in the early 20th century. It presents a translated ceremonial address alongside an introduction and interpretive pieces that frame Voltaire’s life and influence. The book is best described as a literary-historical tribute and critical study, focusing on Voltaire’s fight against religious intolerance and judicial cruelty, and on his lasting role in shaping modern ideas of justice, tolerance, and peace. The introduction hails progress as both evolution and revolt, praising Voltaire’s liberation of conscience and condemning priestly and political tyranny. The central oration, delivered at the centennial of Voltaire’s death, portrays him as an age-defining force who exposed infamous injustices like the Calas and La Barre cases, fought oppression with the pen, and joined compassion to reason, linking Gospel mercy with Enlightenment tolerance while denouncing war and calling for human concord. A biographical sketch then recounts his irreverent wit, the deathbed legends, and evidence that he died a steadfast skeptic, securing burial despite clerical resistance. The final section, drawing on Georg Brandes, places Voltaire in an international context: England’s free speech shaped his liberalism; high society and statesmen opened doors; his unique exchange with Frederick the Great enriched both ruler and writer; his histories of Charles XII and Peter the Great broadened his reach; and his correspondence with Russian rulers, including Catherine II, shows his pan-European influence. It closes with a striking allegory of humanity’s habit of persecuting its benefactors before erecting their statues.